• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to methods and an apparatus for operating a range extender for electric vehicles, which has an internal combustion engine with a mechanically coupled generator, wherein the mechanical energy generated by the internal combustion engine is converted by the generator into electricity and fed to an electrical storage unit. According to the invention, the mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine is converted directly into direct current in a direct current generator, wherein the voltage of the direct current is controlled by controlling and / or regulating the rotational speed of the generator or of the internal combustion engine.
    公开号:AT513476A1
    申请号:T50407/2012
    申请日:2012-09-21
    公开日:2014-04-15
    发明作者:Richard Dipl Ing Schneider；Erwin Dipl Ing Dr Techn Schlemmer；Werner Calisto
    申请人:Avl List Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1 56486
    The invention relates to a method for operating a range extender for electric vehicles, which has an internal combustion engine with a mechanically coupled generator, wherein the mechanical energy generated by the internal combustion engine is converted by the generator into electrical power and fed to an electrical storage unit. The invention further comprises a range extender unit for operating an electric vehicle.
    In many cases, electric vehicles (both cars and two-wheeled vehicles, such as electric scooters) are produced, which are driven by an electric motor. The operating energy comes from a rechargeable battery or accumulator arranged in the electric vehicle, this electric energy accumulator being charged to the power grid during the stoppage of the electric vehicle. To extend the range of such electric vehicles - which is limited by the limited capacity of conventional electrical energy storage mostly to a range below 200km - considerably expand, it is common to arrange a range extender in the vehicle, which consists essentially of an internal combustion engine-generator unit. The internal combustion engine is usually operated with gasoline or diesel, so that the range of the electric vehicle using the dense network of filling stations is arbitrarily expandable.
    Prior art range extenders are typically operated at one (or more) constant speeds to ensure efficient operation of the internal combustion engine at various power levels. Since the output voltage of the generator is dependent on its speed, the voltage level of the charging current for optimum charging of the electrical energy storage must be controlled by a power electronics, which is suitable to convert the AC voltage of the generator into a DC voltage of suitable voltage level. If the range extender generator is also to be used as a starter for the combustion engine, a bidirectional inverter must be used.
    From DE 10 2010 039 653 Al, for example, a range extender for an electric vehicle is described which comprises an internal combustion engine and an electric generator coupled thereto. The electrical energy of the generator is used to charge a lithium-ion battery and / or for driving the electric drive machine of the vehicle. When driving the range extender, a predicative operating strategy is operated whereby optimal operating times for the operation of the range extender are determined by including a navigation device present in the vehicle. A similar operating strategy is pursued with the range extender arrangement according to FR 2 941 424 A1.
    ^ 0i2p2
    Furthermore, from WO 2011/082943 Al a range extender for a motor vehicle has become known, which is operated exclusively by an electric motor by means of electrical energy from an energy store, wherein an internal combustion engine generator unit is used to extend the range. The mechanical energy is generated by an internal combustion engine and converted by a permanent magnet synchronous machine into electrical energy. The internal combustion engine is mechanically connected to the generator by means of a drive shaft. The generator generates alternating current, which is converted into direct current by an uncontrolled rectifier. The voltage of the DC supplied by the rectifier is adjusted by regulating the speed of the generator to the current requirements of the energy storage, so that can be found with an uncontrolled rectifier instead of a more complex and expensive PWM inverter Auslangen. In this case, the generator can not be used as a starter.
    The object of the invention is to further simplify a range extender unit of the type described above and to propose a method for optimum operation of such a range extender, which can be used in particular in the operation of two-wheeled electric vehicles, such as electric scooter.
    This object is achieved in that the mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine is converted directly into direct current in a direct current generator, wherein the voltage of the direct current is controlled by controlling and / or regulating the speed of the generator or the internal combustion engine.
    An inventive range extender unit with an internal combustion engine, a mechanically coupled generator, a fuel tank, an electrical storage unit and a control device for controlling the speed of the internal combustion engine or the generator is characterized in that the generator is a DC machine that generates a charging current, its voltage can be controlled directly via the speed control of the internal combustion engine or the generator.
    Another control option is provided by adjusting the excitation current in an electrically excited DC machine.
    In contrast to the prior art, the range extender according to the invention directly generates direct electrical current through the use of a direct current machine, so that a rectifier can be dispensed with. The use of complex power electronics can thus be omitted. The electrical voltage required for the charging current is achieved by regulating the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine, which preferably has a common drive shaft with the generator. However, the regulation of the speed of the generator can also be carried out with the aid of a transmission between the engine and the generator.
    Furthermore, the exciting current of the DC machine can be used as a controlled variable.
    According to the invention, the control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the generator or of the internal combustion engine takes place as a function of current parameters of the electrical storage unit such as state of health (SOH), voltage, current, temperature, etc., or depending on the current operating state of the device Electric vehicle such as drive, recuperation or idling and / or environmental data such as temperature, state of the drive unit of the vehicle or by navigation systems interrogatable route and terrain information etc.
    The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to schematic representations. Show it:
    Fig. 1 is a system diagram of the range extender unit in a two-wheeled electric vehicle as well
    Fig. 2 is a detailed schematic system representation of the range extender unit.
    The schematic representation according to FIG. 1 shows a range extender unit RE for an electric vehicle EV, for example an electric scooter, with a rear wheel RW driven by an electric drive ED and a front wheel FW. The range extender unit RE draws fuel from a fuel tank GT and supplies the charging current to the energy storage unit BAT. Furthermore, additional consumers AUX of the electric vehicle EV are supplied via the energy storage unit BAT. The vehicle control unit is identified by VCU.
    Fig. 2 shows the range extender unit RE with all the essential components. The internal combustion engine ICE is coupled via a shaft W mechanical with the DC generator GEN and generates the charging current for an electrical storage unit BAT, wherein the control device ECU is provided for controlling the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine ICE.
    In electric vehicles equipped with a range extender RE, this is usually activated without interaction of the driver, controlled by the control unit ECU, the characteristics of the energy storage BAT, the internal combustion engine ICE and the state data of the fuel valve FCV between the fuel tank GT and internal combustion engine ICE takes up. Thus, the control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine can be carried out in a simple manner via a regulation of the fuel supply to the internal combustion engine.
    Further reference symbols used in FIG. 2 have the following meaning: q * desired fuel flow rate q_ current fuel flow rate n_ICE-engine speed T_ICE-engine temperature T_G-generator temperature T_A-ambient temperature T_B-battery temperature I_B-battery current V_B-battery voltage i_B-charging current v_B- Charging voltage During the charging operation, the voltage level of the charging current is regulated via the rotational speed n_ICE of the internal combustion engine ICE as a function of the input variables recognizable from FIG. 2 into the control unit ECU. The characteristics of the energy storage unit BAT are made available either by a battery management system BMS or by separate sensors.
    The DC generator GEN may preferably be designed as a permanent magnet DC motor with brushes.
    The control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the generator or of the internal combustion engine is carried out, for example, as a function of current characteristics of the electrical storage unit such as state of health (SOH) charge state, voltage v_B, current i_B, temperature T_B, etc.
    The starting generator can be replaced by the DC generator GEN of the range extender RE, if it serves as a starter for the internal combustion engine ICE in a first operating mode and in a second operating mode as a charging motor for charging the electrical storage unit BAT.
    With a battery model BMod, the controller can be adapted to different battery characteristics that can occur, for example, due to aging of the energy store.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]


    1. A method of operating a range extender for electric vehicles, comprising an internal combustion engine with a mechanically coupled generator, wherein the mechanical energy generated by the internal combustion engine is converted by the generator into electrical power and fed to an electrical storage unit, characterized in that the mechanical Energy of the internal combustion engine is converted directly into direct current in a direct current generator, wherein the voltage of the direct current is controlled by controlling and / or regulating the rotational speed of the generator or the internal combustion engine.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the generator or of the internal combustion engine as a function of current characteristics of the electrical storage unit such as state of health (SOH) charge state, health, temperature, etc . is carried out.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the generator or of the internal combustion engine in dependence on the current operating state of the electric vehicle such as drive, recuperation or idling and / or environmental data such as temperature, etc. is performed ,
    [4]
    4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control and / or regulation of the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine via a control of the fuel supply to the internal combustion engine is performed.
    [5]
    Range extender unit (RE) for operating an electric vehicle (EV) with an internal combustion engine (ICE), a mechanically coupled generator (GEN), a fuel tank (GT), an electrical storage unit (BAT) and a control unit (ECU) for Control of the speed of the internal combustion engine (ICE) or the generator (GEN), characterized in that the generator (GEN) is a DC machine which generates a charging current, the voltage directly across a

    6 speed control of the internal combustion engine (ICE) or the generator (GEN) is adjustable.
    [6]
    6. Range Extender unit (RE) according to claim 5, characterized in that the DC generator (GEN) is a permanent magnet DC motor with brushes.
    [7]
    7. Range Extender unit (RE) according to one of claims 5 to 6, characterized in that the DC generator (GEN) has a first operating mode as a starter for the internal combustion engine and a second operating mode as a charging motor for charging the electrical storage unit (BAT). 2012 09 21 Lu / Ec
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    同族专利:
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    WO2014044664A2|2014-03-27|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    WO2011085919A1|2010-01-15|2011-07-21|Magna E-Car Systems Gmbh & Co Og|Energy transmission strand|
    WO2012066438A2|2010-11-17|2012-05-24|Brusa Elektronik Ag|Energy supply unit for an electric motor vehicle as well as electric motor vehicle|
    US5272379A|1991-09-26|1993-12-21|Mitsubishi Denki K.K.|Power supply device for an electric vehicle|
    IT1297265B1|1997-06-24|1999-08-09|Electrolux Euroclean Italia Sp|SELF-PROPELLED VEHICLE WITH PERFECTED ENGINE SYSTEM|
    JP2001239852A|2000-02-28|2001-09-04|Hitachi Ltd|Vehicle drive device|
    FR2941424B1|2009-01-28|2012-08-17|Renault Sas|SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MANAGING AN EXTENDER OF AUTONOMY OF AN ELECTRIC VEHICLE|
    DE102009054839A1|2009-12-17|2011-06-22|Robert Bosch GmbH, 70469|Range extender for a motor vehicle|
    DE102010039653A1|2010-08-23|2012-02-23|Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft|Method for operating range extender in electric vehicle e.g. electric car, involves activating range extender of vehicle in respective route section based on power requirement of electric vehicle with respect to travel route|CN105882429B|2016-05-24|2018-04-06|北京新能源汽车股份有限公司|The maintenance control method and system of distance increasing unit in electric automobile and electric automobile|
    CN112356819A|2019-10-23|2021-02-12|万向集团公司|Range extender power following control method for new energy automobile|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50407/2012A|AT513476B1|2012-09-21|2012-09-21|Method for operating a range extender for electric vehicles|ATA50407/2012A| AT513476B1|2012-09-21|2012-09-21|Method for operating a range extender for electric vehicles|
    PCT/EP2013/069246| WO2014044664A2|2012-09-21|2013-09-17|Method for operating a range extender for electric vehicles|
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